Avionics Digital data buses.pdf

Content

*Digital data buses
*Development of DDB
*ARING 429
*MIL-STD-1553B
*ARINC 629


Presentation Transcript
1. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011 1 AVIONICS Digital data buses
2. References2«ARINC»:www.arinc.comAvionics Systems Standardization Committee:www.era.co.uk/asscAvionics data buses:http://www.interfacebus.com/Design_Connector_Avionics.html Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
3. summary3 www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN  Digital data buses  Development of DDB  ARING 429  MIL-STD-1553B  ARINC 629 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
4. Data Bus, DB 4 Data bus is a subsystem thatwww.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN transfers data between computer components inside a computer or between computers. Consists of • Wire • Information Packing equipment • algorithms and formats of data transition Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
5. DB5 •inside LRU; www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN •Between LRU; •Transmit data from sensors to system; •Between systems. Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
6. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN6Do you recallfunctionalintegration? Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
7. Distributed analog architecture7 1950s, 1960swww.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN Lots of wire, no bus Very difficult to modify electro- mechanical parts heavy, large space, many pieces Boeing 707, VC10, DC-9, Boeing 737 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
8. Distributed digital architecture8www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN Digital systems, heavy, slow, difficult to reprogram (AN/ALQ-162) Each component contains its own computer and memory Uses a bus between components (less wire) Each unit has a dedicated function Difficult to expand Boeing 737, 767 A330 (tanker), Tornado, Sea Harrier Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
9. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN Federated digital architecture9 Systens communicate via a 1553B bus Additions are easy, only requires that the bus controller be reprogrammed Can employ many buses to separate common equipment (ex : EW on the F-18 with its own MC) Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
10. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN Integrated modular architecture10 Interchangeable modules can realize diffrent system functions Permits on-board repairs/swaps, that can automatically reconfigure Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
11. Common types of serial digital data transmission are:11 Single source-single sink. This is the earliest application and comprises a dedicated link from one piece of equipment to another. This was developed in the 1970s for use on Tornado and Sea Harrier avionics systems. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
12. Common types of serial digital12 data transmission are:  • Single source-multiple sink. This describes a technique where one piece of transmitting equipment can send data to a number of recipient pieces of equipment (sinks). ARINC 429 is an example of this data bus which is widely used by civil transport and business jets. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
13. Common types of serial digital13 data transmission are:  Multiple source-multiple sink. In this system, multiple transmitting sources may transmit data to multiple receivers. This is known as a full-duplex system and is widely employed by military users (M1L-STD-1553B) and by the B777 (ARINC 629). www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
14. The major digital data buses in widespread use today in avionics are:14  ARINC 429 (A429).  MIL-STD-1553B, also covered by UK Def Stan 00- 18/Parts 1 and 2 and NATO STANAG 3838.  ARINC629 (A629). www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
15. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc SAE Standards OSTROUMOV IVAN15 AIR1189 Airborne Internal Interface Standards for Moderate Bit Rate Digital Time Division - Multiplex Systems AIR4013A Multiplex Data Bus Networks for Mil-Std-1760 Stores ARP4258 Application of Low Speed Avionic System Discrete Signal Interfaces AS15531 Digital Time Division Command/Response Multiplex Data Bus AS4075 High Speed Ring Bus (Hsrb) Standard AS4075/1 Optical Implementation Relating to the High Speed Ring Bus (Hsrb) Standard AS4710 Pi-Bus AS5370 Multi-Transmitter Bidirectional Fiber-Optic Data Bus for Distributed Aircraft Control Systems AS5643 IEEE-1394b Interface Requirements for Military and Aerospace Vehicle Applications Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
16. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN ARINC standards16 ARINC 429. Digital Information Transfer System. Point- to-point, 2-wire Bi-Polar Return-to-Zero signal. 32 bit data. 100K or 12.5K bit rate. ARINC 629. Multi-Transmitter Data Bus. Serial data bus which operates over cable at 2Mbps. Developed by Boeing. ARINC 659. Backplane Data Bus for IMA, operates at 60Mbps as a commercial aviation bus. ARINC 818. released in Jan. 07, is a video interface and protocol standard developed for high bandwidth, low latency, uncompressed digital video transmission. Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
17. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc IEEE standarts OSTROUMOV IVAN17 IEEE-std-1393 Spaceborne Fiber Optic Data Bus (SFODB); 1 Gb/s, fiber. Std 1149.5 Standard for Module Test and Maintenance Bus (MTM-Bus) Protocol. IEEE 1355 SpaceWire, based on the HIC (IEEE-1355) bus, and Low Voltage Differential Signaling. Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
18. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Other buses include: OSTROUMOV IVAN18  Avionics Standard Communications Bus (ASCB), available in several forms and based upon Ethernet protocols. ASCB was developed by Honeywell and is used in General Aviation (GA) and business jet applications.  Commercial Standard Data Bus (CSDB) developed by Rockwell Collins for use in GA applications.  Avionics Full Duplex Ethernet (AFDX) based upon commercial Fast Switched Ethernet (FDX) technology and adopted for the Airbus A380.  In some applications, commercial RS 232 and RS 422 buses are also used. Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
19. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Comparative DDB transmission rate OSTROUMOV IVAN19 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
20. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN20 ARING 429 1977 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
21. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Key attributes OSTROUMOV IVAN21  Simplex broadcast bus  Bit rates:  High Speed 100kbps  Low Speed 12 to 14.5kbps  Encoding: return to zero bipolar tri-state modulation  Message length: 32 bit word, 255 word data block in block transfer mode  Media access: simplex single source multiple sink plus full duplex  Topology: single source multiple sink either star or bus  Number of nodes: 20 sinks, 1 source Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
22. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN22  The ARINC 429 specification defines the requirements for a data transmission system based on the use of a single data source and reception of that data by up to 20 sinks or receivers. The maximum number of receivers permitted for connection to a source is limited by the specified minimum receiver input impedance. Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
23. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc «Star» topology OSTROUMOV IVAN23 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
24. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN Bus drop topology24 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
25. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Multiplex topology OSTROUMOV IVAN25 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
26. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Full duplex link OSTROUMOV IVAN26 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
27. Return to Zero Bipolar Tri-state27 Modulation www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
28. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN28  The signal has three states HI, NULL and LO represented by the differential voltage between the two wires of the cable.  A logical ‘1’ is signalled by transmission of a +10 ±1V pulse followed by a 0±0.5V null period.  A logical ‘0’ is signalled by transmission of a –10 ±1V pulse also followed by a 0 ±0.5V null period. Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
29. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN29  Two ranges of transmission rate are defined.  High Speed at 100 kbps ±1% and  Low Speed in the range 12 to 14.5 kbps. Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
30. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Word format OSTROUMOV IVAN30  ARINC 429 organizes data in 32 bit words.  typical ARINC 429 word consisting of five parts: • Label • Source/Destination Identifier (SDI) • Data field • Sign/Status Matrix (SSM) • Parity bit Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
31. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc ARINC 429 Word Format OSTROUMOV IVAN31 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
32. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Label (data name)(1-8) OSTROUMOV IVAN32  each sink is required to inspect the Label field which is encoded in octal to represent the type of information contained within the 32-bit word.  Each data item is assigned a label code listed in the ARINC 429 specification and each source may have up to 255 Labels, assigned for its use. Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
33. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Source/ Destination Identifier (SDI) OSTROUMOV IVAN33  The SDI field contains just two bits.  The SDI’s functions are to:  indicate the intended destination of the data on a multi-sink bus  identify the source of the data on a multi-source bus (multi-system installation)  to add an extension to the Label, in which case receiving systems decode the Label/SDI combination. Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
34. 34 www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
35. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Data formats OSTROUMOV IVAN35  two’s complement binary data  BCD (2/10) data  Discrete bits  Maintenance data  special Alphabet (Symbol and numeric) Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
36. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Sign/Status Matrix (SSM) OSTROUMOV IVAN36  It may be used to indicate sign information e.g. +, -, compass direction etc. Each Label has its own unique implementation of the SSM Sign function.  The SSM field may also be used to indicate the source equipment status, operational mode or data validity. Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
37. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Parity OSTROUMOV IVAN37  The parity bit is set to impose odd parity on the word.  If even – mistake!!!!! Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
38. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN38 MIL-STD-1553B 1973 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
39. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Key attributes OSTROUMOV IVAN39  Serial time division command response data bus  Bit rate: 1Mbps  Encoding: baseband Manchester II bi-phase level  Message length: 1 to 32 16-bit words Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
40. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Структура MIL-STD-1553B OSTROUMOV IVAN40 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
41. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc A typical example OSTROUMOV IVAN41 Note that a module can be both a bus controller and a remote terminal Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
42. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN Кодування кодом «Манчестер ІІ»42 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
43. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Manchester Encoding OSTROUMOV IVAN43 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
44. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Manchester on a twisted pair OSTROUMOV IVAN44 Signal Subtractor Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
45. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc MIL-STD-1553B formats OSTROUMOV IVAN45 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
46. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc CW OSTROUMOV IVAN46  The standard defines three word formats  all words are 20 bit times long  The Command Word is issued only by a bus controller and is used to convey commands to RTs. Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
47. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc CW (Bit times) OSTROUMOV IVAN47  1 – 3 are used for an invalid Manchester synchronising pattern.  4 – 8 contain the address of the RT that is to act on the command (‘11111’ indicates a broadcast command).  9 - the T/R bit, indicates to the receiving RT whether it is to transmit (T/R = 1) or receive (T/R = 0) data words in response to the command. Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
48. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc CW (Bit times) OSTROUMOV IVAN48  10 – 14, if set to ‘00000’ or ‘11111’, indicate that the next 5 bits are to be interpreted as a mode code. If set to any other value they indicate a subaddress within the subsystem served by the RT that is to source or receive data.  15 – 16 indicate either a mode code that requires the RT to perform some control function (e.g. Reset, Initiate Self Test etc.) or the number of Data Words to be either received or transmitted by the RT.  Bit 20 is a parity bit set for odd parity over the previous 16 bits. Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
49. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Data Words OSTROUMOV IVAN49  Data Words may be transmitted either by the BC or RT.  Bits 1 – 3 are used for an invalid Manchester synchronising pattern.  Bits 4 – 19 contain the data to be conveyed. Bit 20 is the parity bit. Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
50. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Status Words OSTROUMOV IVAN50  Status Words are transmitted only by RTs and are used to indicate to the BC the state of the RT and the RT’s view of recent events on the bus. For example, certain status bits are used to indicate whether there is a fault in the subsystem or terminal and others the results of error checking, broadcast message reception and service request (latent interrupt) conditions. Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
51. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Status Words OSTROUMOV IVAN51  Bit times 1 – 3 are used for an invalid Manchester synchronising pattern.  Bits 4 – 8 contain the address of the RT transmitting the Status word.  Bits 9 – 11 and 15 – 19 are the status bits and bits 12 – 14 are reserved and unused (always ‘0’). Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
52. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Data Transfer Message Formats OSTROUMOV IVAN52 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
53. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Принцип передачі даних MIL-STD-1553B OSTROUMOV IVAN53 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
54. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Broadcast Message Formats OSTROUMOV IVAN54 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
55. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN Передача даних у широкомовному режимі55 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
56. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN56 ARINC 629 B-777 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
57. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Key attributes OSTROUMOV IVAN57  ARINC specification 629 Multi-transmitter Data Bus  Serial data bus with distributed media access.  Bit rate: 2Mbps.  Encoding: Manchester II bi-phase.  Message length: up to 31 Word Strings each containing one 16 bit label word and up to two hundred and fifty-six 16 bit data words  Number of nodes: up to 120. Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
58. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc ARINC 629 topology OSTROUMOV IVAN58 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
59. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc ARINC 629 topology OSTROUMOV IVAN59 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
60. ARINC 629 Message Structure60 www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
61. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Basic Protocol – Periodic Mode OSTROUMOV IVAN61 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
62. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc Передача повідомлень у ARINC 629 OSTROUMOV IVAN62 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011
63. www.OSTROUMOV.co.cc OSTROUMOV IVAN63 Avionics, Lecture, Ivan, 2011